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[originaltext] In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken,
[originaltext] In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken,
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2023-07-07
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问题
In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor’s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written.[23]The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called an "objective" test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
22. What did Middle Ages’ students do about exams?
23. Which of the following about modern industry is TRUE?
24. In what kind of tests students must select the correct answer?
25. What’s the general topic of the passage?
选项
A、Modern industry must have developed before the Middle Ages.
B、Modern industry must have developed around the 19th century.
C、Modern industry must have developed in Greece or Rome.
D、Modern industry must have developed machines to take tests.
答案
B
解析
短文中间部分提到,笔试是19世纪才为人们所知的,可能是随着人口的大规模增长和现代工业的发展而出现的。由此可知,现代工业在19世纪左右开始发展。故选B。
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