Text 4 The revelations we publish about

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问题 Text 4 The revelations we publish about how Facebook's data was used by Cambridge Analytica to subvert the openness of democracy are only the latest examples of a global phenomenon.YouTube can not only profit from disturbing content but in unintended ways rewards its creation.The algorithms that guide viewers to new choices aim always to intensify the experience,and to keep the viewer excited.Recent research found that the nearly 9,000 YouTube videos explaining away American school shootings as the results of conspiracies using actors to play the part of victims had been watched,in total,more than 4bn times.Four billion page views is an awful lot of potential advertising revenue;it is also,in an embarrassingly literal sense,traffic in human misery and exploitation.None of these problems is new,and all of them will grow worse and more pressing in the coming years,as the technology advances.Yet the real difficulty is not the slickness of the technology but the willingness of the audience to be deceived and its desire to have its prejudices gratified.Many of the most destructive videos on YouTube consist of one man roaring into a camera without any visual aids at all.Twitter uses no fancy technology yet lies spread across that network six times as fast as true stories.Although Twitter and YouTube pose undoubted difficulties for democracies,it is Facebook that has borne the brunt of recent criticism,in part because its global ambitions have led it to expand into countries where it is essentially the only gateway to the wider internet,The company's ambitions to become the carrier of all content（and thus able to sell advertising against everything online）have led it inexorably into the position of being the universal publisher.The difficulties of this position cannot be resolved by the facile idea of the"community values"to which Facebook appeals-and,anyway,that only begs the question:"Which community?"Mark Zuckerberg talks about a"global community"but such a thing does not exist and may never do so.Communities have different values and different interests,which sometimes appear existentially opposed.Almost all will define themselves,at least in part,against other communities.The task of reconciling the resulting conflicts is political,cultural and even religious;it is not technological at all.For a private American advertising company to set itself up as the arbiter of all the world's political and cultural conflicts is an entirely vain ambition.Into the vacuum left by Facebook's waffle,nation states are stepping.Many are keen to use surveillance capitalism for direct political ends.They must be resisted.The standards by which the internet is controlled need to be open and subject to the workings of impartial judiciaries.But the task cannot and will not be left to the advertising companies that at present control most of the content-and whose own judgments are themselves almost wholly opaque and arbitrary.According to Paragraph 2,the problem's real challenge seems to be the fact that_____A.technology is evolving too fastB.fake stories can hardly be curbedC.platforms have put little efforts in itD.viewers often welcome false content

选项 A.technology is evolving too fast
B.fake stories can hardly be curbed
C.platforms have put little efforts in it
D.viewers often welcome false content

答案 D

解析 [信息锁定]第二段②句指出，真正的困难不是技术的圆滑（如算法引诱观众等），而在于观众心甘情愿上当受骗，希望自己的偏见能得到满足（应验）．可见D.正确。[解题技巧]A.恰恰是作者否定的：技术本身强弱并不是问题所在。B.停留在末句字面内容“推特假消息传播速度是真实内容的6倍”，并臆断是因为虚假内容不可控。C.由首句“更恶化、紧迫”以及对平台视频问题的渲染主观推出，但这并非作者强调的原因。

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Text 4 The revelations we publish about

英语二研究生

研究生入学