Text 4 Bankers have been blaming themsel

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问题 Text 4 Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.Behind the scenes,they have been taking aim at someone else:the accounting standard-setters.Their rules,moan the banks,have forced them to report enormous losses,and it's just not fair.These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay,not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately,banks'lobbying now seems to be working.The details may be unknowable,but the independence of standard-setters,essential to the proper functioning of capital markets,is being compromised.And,unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers,reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress,America's Financial Accounting Standards Board（FASB）rushed through rule changes.These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement.Bob Herz,the FASB's chairman,cried out against those who"question our motives."Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls"the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board（IASB）do likewise.The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning,but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong.Charlie McCreevy,a European commissioner,warned the IASB that it did"not live in a political vacuum"but"in the real word"and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet,with accounts that vastly overvalued assets.Today they argue that market prices overstate losses,because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets,not the likely extent of bad debts.The truth will not be known for years.But bank's shares trade below their book value,suggesting that investors are skeptical.And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses,yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again,losses must be recognized and dealt with.America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters.The FASB and IASB have been exactly that,cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions,for example,against hostility from special interests.But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.38.According to Paragraph 4,McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt toA.keep away from political influences.B.evade the pressure from their peers.C.act on their own in rule-setting.D.take gradual measures in reform.

选项 A.keep away from political influences.
B.evade the pressure from their peers.
C.act on their own in rule-setting.
D.take gradual measures in reform.

答案 C

解析答案意为“独立自主的制定法规”。根据题干中的“McCreevy objects to”定位到第四段。第四段提到欧洲的部长们要求IASB立即根据美国的变化做出一样的反应，而IASB不想采取行动，McCreevy警告IASB“不是处在政治真空中”而是在“现实世界里”，综上可以判断出IASB想自己独立制定规则，但是政客们反对。A选项干扰性非常强，属于对not live in a political vacuum的曲解；B、D选项属于无中生有，文中未提到来自同行的压力和渐进的改革。

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Text 4 Bankers have been blaming themsel

英语一研究生

研究生入学