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  3. When Francis Pearman was studying at Van

When Francis Pearman was studying at Van

考试题库2022-08-02  9
问题 When Francis Pearman was studying at Vanderbilt,he and a fellow graduate student noticed a striking phenomenon in Nashville White,affluent families were moving into low-income neighborhoods without sending their children to the neighborhood schools We were really curious to see what that relationship looked like at the national level,said Pearman,now a professor at the University of Pitts burgh When he and that student,Walker Swain,looked at national data,a pattern emerged.The ability to opt out of the neighborhood school increased the likelihood that a mostly black or Hispanic neighbor hood would see an influx of wealthier residents."As school choice expands,the likelihood that low-in-come communities of color experience gentrification increases.”Pearman said To choice advocates,this separation of avilable school options from segregated housing systems is a key feature To critics like Shedd,it raises tough questions about whether those newcomers help or harm a community.What is a neighborhood without a school?she asks."What is a school without a neighborhood?”Pearman and Swain's national study,published in the peer-reviewed journal Sociology of Education,looked at four different types of school-choice programs:magnet schools,charter schools,private school vouchers,and open enrollment across school districts When school choices are limited,poor communities with more white people are the ones more likely to gentrify.When there are more school-choice options,though,it's the neighborhoods with more people of color that are most likely to gentrify.The effects were substantial A predominantly non-white neighborhoods chance of gentrification more than doubles,jumping from 18 percent to 40 percent when magnet and charter schools are available.The study found no impact of the open-enrollment initiatives that allow students to cross school-district lines to attend school.Voucher programs,perhaps the most divisive of the school-choice options,had mixed effects The researchers note that they didn’t examine gentrifiers'aversion to neighborhood schools,which could be based on accurate perceptions of school quality or misguided,racially biased assumptions The Charlotte study examines a similar phenomenon in one district in the early 2000s.Rules under the federal No child left behind law meant that that when schools failed to meet certain progress bench marks two years in a row,students in the schools attendance zone received priority to attend other popular schools in the district.This made those areas attractive to families looking to get into favored schools and therefore primed for gentrification The researchers--Stephen Billings,Eric Brunner,and Stephen Ross-found that the policy led to increases in housing prices and meant homes were bought by higher-income families,compared to near Dy areas where schools were not deemed failing The same school-choice programs that maintain or exacerbate school segregation can encourage residential integration.That could be a real positive,as there is evidence that growing up in high-poverty neighborhoods can hurt kids.But what do these changes mean for existing schools,students,and residents?Neither paper offers answers to how the newcomers affect those communitiesAccording to Paragraph 1,what did Francis Pearman and his fellow student find?A.The low-income white people send their children to the poor neighborhood schoolsB.The rich white families won't send their children to the low-income community schoolsC.The influx of wealthier families to the low-income community improves their relationshipD.Many white wealthy families moved to the colored neighborhood in Nashville
选项 A.The low-income white people send their children to the poor neighborhood schools
B.The rich white families won't send their children to the low-income community schools
C.The influx of wealthier families to the low-income community improves their relationship
D.Many white wealthy families moved to the colored neighborhood in Nashville
答案 D
解析 细节题。根据题干信息可以定位到第一段。第一段中提到弗朗西斯·皮尔曼在范德比尔特大学学习时,和一名研究生同学都注意到了纳什维尔市一个惊人现象,即:富裕的白人家庭会搬家到低收人地区,但不会将孩子送进社区学校。
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英语一研究生

研究生入学

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