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Management Skills: the importance of effective decision-making procedures within

游客2025-06-03  29
问题 Management Skills: the importance of effective decision-making procedures within a company
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答案 Suggested answers:
   a．Decision-making and policy-making as two distinct processes in private and public administration are concerns of long standing in the study of management. Decision-making is defined as the selection of a course of action from among alternatives to achieve a specific objective or to solve a specific problem. Decision-making procedure is very important. Managers face a broad spectrum of problems in making decisions ranging from question of too many alternatives or too many criteria to one of a lack of data or of the means of obtaining suitable data. Managers also face problems of incorrect decisions or untimely one. If procedure is wrong, the decision-making will be wrong as well.
   b．The continuing controversy over centralization versus decentralization is really an argument over where certain decisions should be made. Obviously, not all decisions can be made at the top.
   Generally, centralization of decision-making appears appropriate when a new organization is established; or the action or inaction of the organization can have a critical outcome. Using a decentralized decision structure seem to require formalized review mechanisms to assure compliance with policies and to assure effective and efficient use of resources. In my opinion, success largely depends on decision-making.
   And correct decision-making is largely based on the balance of the delegations of authority to subordinates for program decisions and resource decisions.
解析 standing身份，声望，地位。spectrum光谱，系列，幅度。 controversy争论，争议。centralization集权化。decentralization分权，权力下放。
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