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  3. There are three general methods people use to explain and understand their w

There are three general methods people use to explain and understand their w

游客2025-04-15  46
问题     There are three general methods people use to explain and understand their world: beliefs, pseudoscience, and science.
    What are beliefs? Well, simply put, beliefs are what you believe to be true. In this first method of interpreting man and the world, certain people proved the information about how the world works. Their teachings are beyond question. Their followers accept these beliefs because they want to accept them, not because of scientific evidence. Some examples are religions, such as Christianity. Christians believe in one God, who created the universe and all that is in it. They believe that this God is active in history, guiding and teaching his people. Like many religions, Christianity provides a number of specific moral rules and principles that make up an important part of its teachings. Superstitions, such as Fung Shui, are also common examples of beliefs.
    Pseudoscience, also called fake science, is any body or knowledge, methodology, belief, or practice that claims to be scientific or is made to appear scientific, but is actually not. In pseudoscience, people accept opinions as facts, or choose to believe certain facts while intentionally ignoring others, resulting in a false understanding of things and events. Beliefs in magic, monsters, and ghosts fall into this category. Both Chinese Qigong and Indian Yoga are very good physical exercises that can help their practitioners keep fit, but when some people try to persuade others to believe that either Qigong or Yoga have some magical power, they are turning Qigong or Yoga into pseudoscience. Many people follow pseudoscience because belief in magic of mysterious powers is entertaining. Astrology has millions of followers all around the world, not because it helps them deal with the world in any better way, only because it is just fun.
    Of the three methods, only science provides a rational way of understanding the world. It does not provide a oral system as religion does, and it may not always be as entertaining as pseudoscience sometimes is, but it is the only method that requires constant testing of facts, beliefs and ideas, resulting in changing theories as we get new information. Science teaches us to draw conclusions based on evidence, and it also teaches us that some evidence is stronger than other evidence, and how to judge the evidence. Through our study of science, we learn to accept uncertainty, to question facts and theories, and to search constantly for truth.
    Most of us use all three methods in different proportions to view our world. Some scientists believe in theories without supporting evidence. And the scientific method is often used for unscientific purposes. But science is the only method that is constantly changing. It does not depend on the teachings of one man. Each scientist builds on the work of others and his findings, in turn, are used by others to increase our knowledge of the world. [br] Which of the following is NOT true about science?
选项 A、Science accepts uncertainly.
B、Science does not push people to follow any specific set of moral rules.
C、Science teaches us to weigh different evidence.
D、Science urges us not to accept any beliefs or ideas.
答案 D
解析 细节判断题。原文讲到：科学告诉我们要根据事实来下结论，同时也告诉我们有现象比其他的事实更具有说服力，同时要知道如何去判断这些事实。在学习科学的途中，要学会接受不确定，质疑既定的事实和理论并且不断地追求真理。可知选项A、B、C均是正确的，而选项D过于绝对。故答案为D。
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