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The Functions and Development of the Community Health Workers AIDS

游客2024-10-15  20
问题           The Functions and Development of the Community Health Workers
    AIDS can kill by disgrace even when lifesaving medical treatment is available. Until recently, an HIV-infected woman in Sauri, Kenya, was discouraged by her husband, also HIV-infected, from seeking medical care because of his fear of disgrace. All too often, death quickly ensues in such cases. But not in this one. Husband and wife were saved by Mary Wasonga, a fellow villager recently trained to be a community health worker by the Millennium Village Project, which is helping more than 400,000 people in dozens of African communities fight extreme poverty, hunger and disease. Wasonga visited the couple and encouraged them to get home-based HIV testing and counseling, and then helped them enroll in a treatment program. Indeed, she and the 82 other community health workers in Sauri have helped thousands of villagers do the same.
    These workers also attend to women in labor who need urgent transport to a delivery room, individuals too weakened by cholera to get to a clinic, children with malaria and many others. They do this with one year of on-the-job training that builds on at least some secondary education. That basic training is enough to save lives in vast numbers.
    Across Africa, Asia and Latin America, programs are under way that are reminiscent of China’s successful use of village-based health workers—the so-called barefoot doctors—a few decades ago, but today’s workers have even better health-care tools. The mother of all community health efforts is India’s National Rural Health Mission. Initiated by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and spearheaded by the young, dynamic Minister of Health, Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss, the program has, in just over three years, mobilized more than half a million new community health workers, each known as an ASHA—short for "accredited social health activist," and the Hindi word for hope.
    Technology companies and foundations are also joining the effort to support community health workers. Mobile-phone giant Ericsson is empowering these workers with phones and support systems for training, reporting vital statistics and calling ambulances, among other services. In India, Saty-am Computer Services and other organizat-ions have partnered with the state government of Andhra Pradesh to provide emerg-encyrresponse coverage for 80 million people. The Gates Foundation is similarly stepping up its programs of mobile-phone-based health delivery.
    In the coming years, community health workers can support a breakthrough in the decisive control of many devastating diseases. The rich world can help through expanded financial support for community health workers and training programs by its universities. And the U. S. can learn something from these programs: we too need to enlist more community workers to help our own poor and vulnerable. [br] From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that______.
选项 A、the medical treatment is not enough for saving HIV-infected people
B、higher education is necessary to become a community health worker
C、community health workers only help HIV-infected people
D、AIDS is incurable without community health workers
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。文章开篇就提到虽然医疗手段可以拯救艾滋病患者的生命，可是随之而来的耻辱感也能致人于死地，可知[A]“仅仅依靠医疗手段救助艾滋病病毒感染者是远远不够的”正确。第二段中提到只需接受部分中学教育和一年的培训就可以成为社区健康工作者，而不需要接受高等教育，故[B]不正确；第二段指出，社区健康工作者帮助的不仅仅只是艾滋病病毒感染者，还有很多其他需要救助的患者，故[C]错误；社区健康工作者并非是治疗艾滋病的必要因素，不过他们在治疗过程中可以起到积极的作用，也可排除[D]。
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