2. 职称英语
  3. Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when

Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when

游客2024-01-13  5
问题     Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. Maximum freedom means maximum productiveness; our "openness" is to be the measure of our stability. Fascination with this ideal has made Americans defy the "Old World" categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the cupidity of retention versus the cupidity of seizure, a "status quo" defended or attacked. The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante. Our only "station" was the turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. We did not base our system on property but opportunity— which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility. The more things changed, that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be. The conventional picture of class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and the Have-Nots, who want a touch of instability and change in which to scramble for the things they have not. But Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new opportunities given by our land. These economic leaders(front-runners) would thus be mainly agents of change. The non- starters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt, begin things again from compen-satorily staggered "starting lines. "
    " Reform" in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, "a piece of the action," as it were, for the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race. Since our only stability is change, America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability. There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk, no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work. There is no pride in being an employee(Wilson asked for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). There has been no boasting about our social work- ers—they are merely signs of the system’s failure, of opportunity denied or not taken, of things to be eliminated. We have no pride in our growing interdependence, in the fact that our system can serve others, that we are able to help those in need; empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, make us try to forget or deny them, move away from them. There is no honor but in the Wonderlan-drace we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end(for there is no end). [br] The passage contains information that would answer which of the following questions? I . What techniques have industrialists used to manipulate a free market? II . In what ways are "New World" and " Old World " economic policies similar? III. Has economic policy in the United States tended to reward independent action?
选项 A、I only
B、II only
C、III only
D、I and II only
E、II and III only
答案 C
解析 文中信息给出哪个答案?I．企业家们用哪些技术操纵市场?原文无具体技术。Ⅱ．新旧大陆经济的相似之处：原文只给出了它们的相异之处。Ⅲ．美国经济政策会不会给独立行为以奖赏?答案是不会。L70—73：尽管没有奖赏，但人们仍在竞技场中奔跑。明确指出人们不停地参与竞争不是因为有回报，而是不得不如此。∴C正确。
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