首页
登录
职称英语
Seventeenth-century philosopher John Locke stated that as much as 99 percent of
Seventeenth-century philosopher John Locke stated that as much as 99 percent of
游客
2024-01-12
58
管理
问题
Seventeenth-century philosopher John Locke stated that as much as 99 percent of the value of any useful product can be attributed to "the effects of labor." For Locke’s intellectual heirs it was only a short step to the "labor theory of value," whose formulators held that 100 percent of the value of any product is generated by labor (the human work needed to produce goods) and that therefore the employer who appropriates any part of the product’s value as profit is practicing theft.
Although human effort is required to produce goods for the consumer market, effort is also invested in making capital goods (tools, machines, etc.), which are used to facilitate the production of consumer goods. In modern economies about one-third of the total output of consumer goods is attributable to the use of capital goods. Approximately two-thirds of the income derived from this total output is paid out to workers as wages and salaries, the remaining third serving as compensation to the owners of the capital goods. Moreover, part of this remaining third is received by workers who are shareholders, pension beneficiaries, and the like. The labor theory of value systematically disregards the productive contribution of capital goods—a failing for which Locke must bear part of the blame. [br] The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
选项
A、criticizing Locke’s economic theories
B、discounting the contribution of labor in a modern economy
C、questioning the validity of the labor theory ot value
D、arguing for a more equitable distribution of business profits
E、contending that employers are overcompensated for capital goods
答案
C
解析
Main idea
This question depends on an understanding of the passage as a whole. The first paragraph describes the labor theory of value and the theory’s historical origins in the philosophy of John Locke. The second paragraph provides some analysis of the theory and uses the analysis to support a critique.
A The passages describes an historical connection between the labor theory of value and Locke’s economic theories and suggests that the influence of Locke on the labor theory of value is one reason why, according to the author, the theory may be inadequate. This perhaps suggests an indirect criticism of Locke and his theories, via his influence on more recent theories. However, Locke’s economic theories are not criticized directly and are not the focus of the passage.
B Although the passage may suggest that a particular economic theory—the labor theory of value—may exaggerate the "contribution of labor in a modern economy" because the theory may neglect the importance of capital goods, the author does not suggest that the contribution of labor is unimportant.
C Correct. This is the best answer. The second paragraph—more than half of the passage— is almost entirely focused on critiquing the labor theory of value. The first paragraph, by introducing the theory and providing some historical context, can be seen as supporting the critique, by introducing the theory to readers who may not be familiar with it.
D The passage offers no argument for or against a more equitable distribution of business profits.
E The point at issue in this option is similar to the point at issue in D, to do with what might be right or wrong, or more equitable, in matters concerning the distribution of money or "compensation."The passage makes no argument as to what might be right or wrong in this respect.
The correct answer is C.
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/3357149.html
相关试题推荐
________fromthemoon,theearthwithwater________seventypercentofitssurfac
Thewatchwasverygood,andhe________20percentdownforit.A、paidB、costC、bo
200iswhatpercentof40?A、0.2%B、2%C、5%D、20%E、500%EWecantakethisquest
ThepromotersoftheSpringfieldmusicfestivalestimateda50percentincrease
Inasampleofassociatesatalawfirm,30percentaresecond-yearassociates,
Inacertainconservativemutualfund,70percentofthemoneyisinvestedinbo
Inasampleofpatientsatananimalhospital,30percentarecatsand60percen
TownXhas50,000residents,someofwhomwereborninTownX.Whatpercentoft
StoreNgivesa50percentdiscountonthelistpriceofallitsitemsandStore
Iftwolitersofasolutionthatis15percentsaltwillbeaddedto5litersof
随机试题
[originaltext]W:Howareyoudoing,Christopher?M:Tobehonest,I’mreallyfe
[originaltext]W:Hey,youknow,Iamthinkingofpaintingourroom.Whatdoyou
针对下列被审计单位制定的内部控制中,注册会计师认可的有( )。A、只有附有装运凭
带电断、接(____)等设备引线时,应采取防止引流线摆动的措施。(A)空载线路
在估算房地产开发项目的房屋开发费用时,用单位工程量投资乘以工程量来估算单项工程投
保险的宏观作用是保险对全社会和整个国民经济总体所产生的经济效应,其作用主要为(
某大型设备采购,买卖双方在合同中约定交货时支付部分货款,产品质量委托第三方验收,
鼓励技术中最常用的方法是()。单选(A)不断提问 (B)给予奖励 (C)及
投资项目决策分析与评价的基本要求包括贯彻落实科学发展观、资料数据准确可靠和()
建设工程施工过程,可能会出现不利的地质条件(如地勘未探明的软弱层)而使施工进度延
最新回复
(
0
)