首页
登录
职称英语
Psychologist: In a survey, several hundred volunteers rated their own levels of
Psychologist: In a survey, several hundred volunteers rated their own levels of
游客
2024-01-12
8
管理
问题
Psychologist: In a survey, several hundred volunteers rated their own levels of self-control and their overall life satisfaction. The volunteers who rated themselves as having better self-control also reported greater satisfaction with their lives. This suggests that self-control is one factor that helps people avoid situations likely to produce dissatisfaction.
In order to assess the strength of the psychologist’s argument, it would be most helpful to know whether
选项
A、people typically rate themselves as having significantly better self-control than expert psychological assessments would rate them as having
B、people’s perceptions of how satisfied they are with their lives could be affected by factors of which they are unaware
C、there is a high level of self-control that tends to reduce overall life satisfaction
D、people’s ratings of their overall satisfaction with their lives tend to temporarily decrease in situations likely to produce dissatisfaction
E、feelings of dissatisfaction significantly interfere with people’s ability to exercise self-control
答案
E
解析
Which one of the further pieces of information given in the answer choices would most help us evaluate the psychologists argument?
A psychologist tells us that people surveyed who reported high levels of self-control reported high levels of life satisfaction also. The psychologist infers from this that self-control is one factor that helps people avoid situations likely to produce dissatisfaction with their lives.
Note that only answer options C and E directly address a possible causal link between degree of
life satisfaction and degree of self-control. Answer option C tells us that a high degree of self-control can actually reduce life satisfaction.
However, this information, if accurate, does little to weaken support for the conclusion that self-control helps people avoid situations likely to create dissatisfaction. Furthermore, it provides no support for that conclusion.
That leaves E as the most likely candidate for the correct response. Suppose E were correct; that is, feelings of dissatisfaction make effective self-control less likely. This is compatible with the correlation between self-control and feelings of satisfaction—but also strongly suggests that self-control is the effect rather than the cause of feelings of satisfaction. And this undermines the conclusion of the argument.
A This suggests that the self-ascribed levels of self-control of the participants in the survey may have been exaggerated. This weakens the psychologists’ conclusion without completely invalidating this evidence.
B This implies that survey participants were not fully aware of all the factors that affected their perceptions of life satisfaction. However, the conclusion does not depend on the participants’ degree of awareness of the factors affecting their perceptions of life satisfaction.
C This may be true, but even if true in some cases, this information does not necessarily invalidate the psychologist’s conclusion in general.
D This implies that people’s ratings of their life satisfaction can vary, and be temporarily lowered, by encountering a situation likely to produce dissatisfaction. But such possible sources of random error would be allowed for in the statistical analysis of the survey results and do not necessarily invalidate the study’s results.
E Correct. As explained, this information undermines the psychologist’s conclusion by providing an alternative explanation for the survey results.
The correct answer is E.
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/3357065.html
相关试题推荐
IfthereisonethingI’msureabout,itisthatinahundredyearsfromnow
IfthereisonethingI’msureabout,itisthatinahundredyearsfromnow
Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeatu
Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeatu
Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeatu
Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeatu
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
Wesubstitutefish______meatseveraltimesaweek.A、forB、toC、withD、andAsubs
Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomists
随机试题
[originaltext]W:IcouldhavemadethehighestgradeonthisexamifIhadn’tm
Whatarethefiretrianglethatthefirefightersreferto?[originaltext]Ther
在经济衰退期,企业一般应该建立投资标准并放弃次要利益。()
公司在经营活动中,应当体现的基本原则包括()。 Ⅰ.合法经营原则 Ⅱ.自主经
属于一类毒性的药材是A.信石B.附子C.雪上一枝蒿D.生半夏E.甘遂
引起小儿"冬季腹泻"最常见的病毒是A.腺病毒B.轮状病毒C.柯萨奇病毒D.肠道病
女,32岁。发热、腰痛、尿频、尿急、尿痛1天来院检查,以往无类似发作史。查:体温
以下活动纳入企业会计对象的是()。A.企业股东的业务开支 B.企业债权人的业
商业银行人力资源开发与管理的主要内容不包括()。A.人力资源规划 B.员
“十三五”时期深化投资体制改革的政策措施有( )。(新教材已删除) A.确
最新回复
(
0
)