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[originaltext] People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of
[originaltext] People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of
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2023-12-25
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问题
People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy—one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment.
Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped—or, as the case might be encountered—concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort, They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers—the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table—is itself far from innate.
选项
A、Trends in teaching mathematics to children.
B、The use of mathematics in child psychology.
C、The development of mathematical ability in children.
D、The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn.
答案
C
解析
该题的解题关键是把握整个听力材料内容的脉络。文章一开始声明儿童似乎天生具有计算能力,而后举例说明,但随后话锋一转,作者提出实际情况并非如此简单,认知心理学家的研究证明,儿童是逐步通过自身努力来学习掌握数学基础知识的。总之,虽然作者对儿童数学能力的发展有不同见解,但全篇都围绕该话题展开。因此,选项c的说法是正确的。
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