首页
登录
职称英语
Cultural Attitudes towards Time According to anthrop
Cultural Attitudes towards Time According to anthrop
游客
2023-10-15
14
管理
问题
Cultural Attitudes towards Time
According to anthropologist Irving Hallowell, there is no evidence that humans have an inborn sense of time. A person’s temporal concepts are probably determined largely by culture. One study showed that infants, after a few days of listening to speech around them, will move their heads and limbs in rhythm with the speech they hear. As children develop, they adapt more fully to their temporal culture. This temporal culture influences language, music, poetry and dance. It also affects relationships. We tend to get along well with people who share our sense of time.
One particular cultural attitude towards time is found in polychronic cultures. Some Mediterranean and southwest Asian Cultures are usually placed in this category. Such cultures emphasise relationships among people, flexible timing of appointments, and the careful completion of processes rather than strict schedules. Polychronic people seldom feel that time is being wasted. They tend to consider each activity valuable on its own, not just as part of a larger process.
Polychronic people tend to have many projects going on at the same time, and they may shift frequently from one task to another. They change plans often. For polychronic people, work time is not clearly separable from personal time, so business meetings are considered a form of socialising.
Monochronic cultures, on the other hand, are oriented towards tasks and schedules. Cultures usually considered monochromic can be found in northern Europe, North America, and some parts of eastern Asia. Monochronic people feel that time is tangible and inflexible and that " time is money. " They do one thing at a time and concentrate on each thing. Time and job commitments are very important to them and they tend to follow plans rigidly. Also, monochromic people clearly separate their work and personal time, and they place a high value on privacy.
As you might expect, people from polychronic and monochromic cultures often misunderstand each other because of their different senses of time. For example, because a monochromic culture is highly compartmentalized, monochromic people tend to sequence conversations as well as tasks. They would not, for instance, interrupt a phone call in order to greet another person who just came into the room In contrast, polychronic people are comfortable with having multiple conversations at the same time. They would consider it rude not to greet someone who entered during a phone conversation.
Complete the summary below by choosing for each blank no more than three words from the passage.
Cultures may have either a【71】______or a monochromic conception of time. Cultures with a polychromic view of time follow a【72】______timetable. People from polychronic cultures tend to work on several【73】______at the same time. On the other hand, people in【74】______perceive events and tasks as being more compartmentalized. In this culture, jobs and even conversations should follow a certain【75】______. Everything in these cultures seems inflexible, and has its own place and time. [br]
选项
答案
(more)flexible
解析
(参见第二段第三行,flexible timing of appointments灵活的时间安排。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.tihaiku.com/zcyy/3098992.html
相关试题推荐
Whatisthemostspokenlanguageaccordingtothenumberofindividualspeakers?
Traditionallyshakinghandswasafirststeptowardsintimacy(亲密)。a→thefirst是序数词
AccordingtotheBBC,theorangecolourationiscausedbyfineparticlesofsa
Atleast600,000jobscoulddisappearintheUKthisyear,accordingtoarep
Accordingtothenewschoolofscientists,technologyisanoverlookedforcein
Forthepastonethousandyearsorso,abeautifulculturalandartisticflowe
WhatcanTcellsdoaccordingtothenews?[originaltext]Recentstudiesshowtha
[originaltext]M:IthinkinEuropeit’saculturalthing.Peopledrinkalotofw
WhatistheNumeracyWeekaccordingtotheconversation?[br][originaltext]W:G
Whatisthecompany’s2021planaccordingtothenews?[originaltext]AHongKong
随机试题
Themainideaofthispassageis______.[br]Peoplewentbacktothecountrysid
某建筑工地集体宿舍管理混乱,没有建立管理值班制度,冬天采用煤炉取暖,一天夜里气压
某公司本年度各运维项目投入产出情况如下表所示,按照投入产出比可以看出()。
A.外用药品B.处方药C.甲类非处方药D.乙类非处方药E.精神药品不需要特殊标识
无神论个人主义的时代也就是感觉的时代。但是,感觉最终不能证明自己,感觉必须通过外
(2022上半年真题)按照给出图形的逻辑特点,下列选项中,填入空格处最恰当的是(
老秦因年老体弱.将村里分给他的二亩地交由大儿子小刚和小儿子小力耕种。 后来小力
①近年来,以历史为背景的影视改编剧如雨后春笋,不断涌现。有以古代为背景的《大秦赋
创新是现代农业的核心,现代农业创新的主体是( )。A.科技创新 B.管理体
《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》的立法目的是( )。A.促进经济快速增长 B
最新回复
(
0
)